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Mathematics

Published On:
Sep 4, 2013
Last Updated:
May 18, 2019

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Mathematical Syntax

Below is the mathematical typography that is used on this site.

A non-bold standard letter is used to denote a basic scalar:

c=3e8c = 3e8

Bold font and an arrow is used to denote a vector:

v=[123]\b{\vec{v}} = \begin{bmatrix}1\\2\\3\end{bmatrix}

Bold font and a hat is used to denote a unit vector:

x^=[100]\b{\hat{x}} = \begin{bmatrix}1\\0\\0\end{bmatrix}

A bold capital letter is used to denote a matrix or tensor:

B=[123456789]\b{B} = \begin{bmatrix}1&2&3\\4&5&6\\7&8&9\end{bmatrix}

A bold lower-case letter is used to denote imaginary component(s) (in things such as complex numbers and quaternions).

c=a+bic = a + b\mathbf{i}

q=a+bi+cj+dkq = a + b\mathbf{i} + c\mathbf{j} + d\mathbf{k}

A bar is used to indicate a conjugate:

xˉ\bar{x}

The “triangle equals” is used to denote “is defined by”:

FmaF \triangleq ma

The Fourier Transform is denoted with F\mathcal{F}.

Belongs to uses the \in symbol from Latex (e.g. xx belongs to the set of real numbers):

xRx \in \mathbb{R}