Git Quickstart Guide

# Create a new empty repo in a folder
# (folder does not have to be empty)
$ git init

## Add changes (verbose flag helps!)
# Note that this does not track deleted
# files, use "git add -u -v" below 
$ git add . -v

## Use to track deleted files
# ("git add ." does not do this)
$ git add -u -v

## Commit to repo
$ git commit -m "Commit message."

## Add remote push location to Github (called "origin") for current repo
# Note that this is the https method, and will require you to 
# enter your password on every push.
$ git remote add origin https://github.com/username/repo-name

## Modify an existing push/pull location (in this case origin)
$ git remote set-url origin https://new-url

## Remove remote push location added in previous command (in this case origin)
$ git remote rm origin

## Push to Github repo added in above command
$ git push origin

## Push a specific local branch to a specific remote branch
$ git push origin my_local_branch:my_remote_branch

## To add a lightweight tag to the latest commit
# (in this example I am adding a version number)
$ git tag v2.1.0.5

## To remove the lightweight tag added above
$ git tag -d v2.1.0.5

## Push tags to remote repo location assigned above ("gh")
# (these are not pushed by default, and this does not
# push deleted tags, see below)
$ git push origin --tags

## Since I normally always want to push tags at the same
# time as I push commits, I combine the two commands into
# one line like so:
$ git push origin; git push origin --tags

## To push deleted tags to a remote location
# (so it deletes the tags at the remote)
$ git push origin :refs/tags/v2.1.0.5

## List all tags in repo
$ git tag

## Clone a remote repo to local location
$ git clone https://github.com/username/repo-name ./local-repo-folder

## Get repo info
$ git status

## Add a new sub-module to existing repo
# Note that the local install path is relative to the root directory
# of the repo
$ git submodule add https://path.to.remote.repo ./local/install/path

## To revert all uncommitted changes to modified files and delete untracked files/directories (useful if you done edits which you no longer wish to keep). Calling git reset --hard will print the commit the repo falls back to.
$ git reset --hard
$ git clean -fd

## To print the SHA-1 (long version) of the current commit
$ git rev-parse HEAD

## To print changes made in the last two commits (useful to get
# back up to speed on what you're working on)
$ git diff HEAD~2