November 2021 Updates

1. Updates This Month

Added equations and plots showing the effect op-amp slew rates have on square and sine waves.
Added info on barrier strips to the Connectors page.
Add info on CAN bit timing.
More info added on the TSSOP component package.
Added info on the PowerPAK SO-8 component package.
Merged the "Logic Gates" and "Metastability" child pages into the parent Digital Logic page.
Added a schematic symbol and internal diagram for the D-type flip-flop.
Added a new page on Visible Light Communication (VLC).
Added info on the XOR gate.
Added info on wettable flanks on the QFN component package.

Added a "How They Work" section to the Analogue Switches page, including a circuit diagram.
Added a new page with info on the SC-89 component package.
Added a model of the input offset voltage for op-amps, a schematic for external input offset voltage trimming, and info on input offset voltage drift with both temperature and time to the Op-Amps page.
Added new page called What Are Transfer Functions, Poles, And Zeroes?.
Add the tutorial: Creating A Scheduled Lambda Function Using AWS CDK.
Added a new page on SMD Crystal Packages.
Added info on the turnover temperature and oscillation mode of 32.768kHz crystals and the negative resistance test.
Added info on RTL and SR latches to the Logic Gates page.
Added info on summing amplifiers to the Op-Amps page.
Added info, schematics and simulation results for op-amp based level-shifters.
Condensed the four battery pages (lead-acid, zinc-air, coin cells, lithium thionyl chloride) into a single Batteries page.
Condensed the diode pages (TVS diodes, LEDs, Zener Diodes, General Purpose Diodes) into a single page.
Added info, schematics and equations for op-amp based ideal diodes and half-wave rectifiers.

A new page on Probabilities. Added info on it about how to generate random numbers that follow a specific distribution.
Updated the Resistors page from Markdown to AsciiDoc format.
Added a red horizontal bottom boarder to all h2 headings in the main content of each page.
Added parasitic models of resistors to the Resistors page.
Consolidated all the info on non-isolated switch-mode power supplies (e.g. buck converters, boost converters, buck-boost, SEPIC, Ćuk) into a single page. And then added more info, as well as updating the basic schematics of the various topologies to match this site’s style.
Added info on MQTT clients suitable for embedded devices.
Expanded the TOC to contain heading levels 2 to 4 (beforehand it was only showing level 2).
Added the ability to define multiple authors per page, and added an author block to all content pages. Followed a really useful tutorial at https://moonbooth.com/hugo/authors/.
Added a safe operating area (SOA) graph to the BJT page, and added information on secondary breakdown.
Added info and schematics on adding protection diodes to linear regulators.
Added info on low-dropout linear regulators.
Updated the Ethernet page with info on serial-to-ethernet ICs.
New AWS IoT page.
New Isolated Switch Mode Power Supplies page, with info on flyback converters including basic schematics and feedback using optoisolators.
Added info on how to design foldback current limiting with a linear regulator.

A new page on Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs), with schematic symbols, designators and examples.
Added a new example of a noisy waveform to the Electrical Noise page.
Added a new page (in notes format) on Spark Gaps.
Added info on transient surge waveform specification, including a graph illustration the concept behind 8/20us and similar specifications:
Moved Zener diode info into it’s own page.
Cleaned up many of the schematic symbols on this site for a consistent look and feel:
Added a diagram showing the protection diodes common to most digital CMOS pins.