ELECTRICAL COMPLIANCE
Electrical Compliance
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1. Overview
Circuits emit electrical noise. They emit radiated electromagnetic noise, and conductive noise (noise that travels down any external electrical connections). Many electronic standards define maximum values of noise and disruption that a circuit can emit.
Reduce these levels requires careful circuit design, in both the components used, the layout, the number of layers, and shielding.
2. Pre-compliance Testing
Because official compliance testing is generally expensive, in-house pre-compliance testing is a popular way of gaining confidence the DUT will pass once it is submitted for official testing.
2.1. Software
The TekBox EMCview software can control the spectrum analyzer to do multiple sweeps across the frequency range, collate the data, and display the results with comparison/thresholds for the popular EMC standards. It currently supports a range of spectrum analysers from Rigol, Siglent, R&S and others[2].
2.2. Attenuators
Attenuators are devices which reduce the power of a signal without distorting the waveform. A note, for what is little-more than a well-tuned and shielded resistor divider, RF-rated attenuators can be expensive (US$100+)!
2.3. Transient Limiters
Transient limiters are another level of protection to a spectrum analyzer above and beyond what a simple attenuator can provide. They are commonly used whilst performing conducted EMI measurements using a LISN. 10dB of flat in-band attenuation is common, across a frequency range of 9kHz to 30MHz. Maximum input is typically somewhere between +-10-20V DC at 2-5W of continuous power. N-type connectors are typically provided for the input and output.
References
[1]: Com-Power. Transient Limiters: LIT-153A and LIT-930A (Datasheet). Retrieved 2021-11-11, from https://www.com-power.com/uploads/pdf/LIT-930A-1.pdf.
[2] Texbox. EMVView PC Software For EMC Pre-Compliance Testing. Retrieved 2021-11-11, from https://www.tekbox.com/product/emcview-pc-software-emc-compliance-testing/.
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